# 13.5. Starters

Starters是一个依赖描述符的集合，你可以将它包含进项目中，这样添加依赖就非常方便。你可以获取所有Spring及相关技术的一站式服务，而不需要翻阅示例代码，拷贝粘贴大量的依赖描述符。例如，如果你想使用Spring和JPA进行数据库访问，只需要在项目中包含`spring-boot-starter-data-jpa`依赖，然后你就可以开始了。

该starters包含很多搭建，快速运行项目所需的依赖，并提供一致的，可管理传递性的依赖集。

**名字有什么含义**：所有官方starters遵循相似的命名模式：`spring-boot-starter-*`，在这里`*`是一种特殊的应用程序类型。该命名结构旨在帮你找到需要的starter。很多集成于IDEs中的Maven插件允许你通过名称name搜索依赖。例如，使用相应的Eclipse或STS插件，你可以简单地在POM编辑器中点击`ctrl-space`，然后输入"spring-boot-starter"就可以获取一个完整列表。正如[Creating your own starter](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-custom-starter)章节中讨论的，第三方starters不应该以`spring-boot`开头，因为它跟Spring Boot官方artifacts冲突。一个acme的第三方starter通常命名为`acme-spring-boot-starter`。

以下应用程序starters是Spring Boot在`org.springframework.boot` group下提供的：

**表 13.1. Spring Boot application starters**

| 名称                                     | 描述                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | Pom                                                                                                                                   |
| -------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| spring-boot-starter-test               | 用于测试Spring Boot应用，支持常用测试类库，包括JUnit, Hamcrest和Mockito                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-test/pom.xml)               |
| spring-boot-starter-mobile             | 用于使用Spring Mobile开发web应用                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-mobile/pom.xml)             |
| spring-boot-starter-social-twitter     | 对使用Spring Social Twitter的支持                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-social-twitter/pom.xml)     |
| spring-boot-starter-cache              | 用于使用Spring框架的缓存支持                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-cache/pom.xml)              |
| spring-boot-starter-activemq           | 用于使用Apache ActiveMQ实现JMS消息                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-activemq/pom.xml)           |
| spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos       | 用于使用Atomikos实现JTA事务                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos/pom.xml)       |
| spring-boot-starter-aop                | 用于使用Spring AOP和AspectJ实现面向切面编程                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-aop/pom.xml)                |
| spring-boot-starter-web                | 用于使用Spring MVC构建web应用，包括RESTful。Tomcat是默认的内嵌容器                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web/pom.xml)                |
| spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch | 用于使用Elasticsearch搜索，分析引擎和Spring Data Elasticsearch                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch/pom.xml) |
| spring-boot-starter-jdbc               | 对JDBC的支持（使用Tomcat JDBC连接池）                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jdbc/pom.xml)               |
| spring-boot-starter-batch              | 对Spring Batch的支持                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-batch/pom.xml)              |
| spring-boot-starter-social-facebook    | 用于使用Spring Social Facebook                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-social-facebook/pom.xml)    |
| spring-boot-starter-web-services       | 对Spring Web服务的支持                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-web-services/pom.xml)       |
| spring-boot-starter-jta-narayana       | Spring Boot Narayana JTA Starter                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jta-narayana/pom.xml)       |
| spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf          | 用于使用Thymeleaf模板引擎构建MVC web应用                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf/pom.xml)          |
| spring-boot-starter-mail               | 用于使用Java Mail和Spring框架email发送支持                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-mail/pom.xml)               |
| spring-boot-starter-jta-bitronix       | 用于使用Bitronix实现JTA事务                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jta-bitronix/pom.xml)       |
| spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb       | 用于使用基于文档的数据库MongoDB和Spring Data MongoDB                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb/pom.xml)       |
| spring-boot-starter-validation         | 用于使用Hibernate Validator实现Java Bean校验                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-validation/pom.xml)         |
| spring-boot-starter-jooq               | 用于使用JOOQ访问SQL数据库，可使用[spring-boot-starter-data-jpa](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-data-jpa)或[spring-boot-starter-jdbc](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-jdbc)替代 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jooq/pom.xml)               |
| spring-boot-starter-redis              | 用于使用Spring Data Redis和Jedis客户端操作键-值存储的Redis，在1.4中已被[spring-boot-starter-data-redis](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-data-redis)取代                                                                                                 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-redis/pom.xml)              |
| spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra     | 用于使用分布式数据库Cassandra和Spring Data Cassandra                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-cassandra/pom.xml)     |
| spring-boot-starter-hateoas            | 用于使用Spring MVC和Spring HATEOAS实现基于超媒体的RESTful web应用                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-hateoas/pom.xml)            |
| spring-boot-starter-integration        | 用于使用Spring Integration                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-integration/pom.xml)        |
| spring-boot-starter-data-solr          | 通过Spring Data Solr使用Apache Solr搜索平台                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-solr/pom.xml)          |
| spring-boot-starter-freemarker         | 用于使用FreeMarker模板引擎构建MVC web应用                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-freemarker/pom.xml)         |
| spring-boot-starter-jersey             | 用于使用JAX-RS和Jersey构建RESTful web应用，可使用[spring-boot-starter-web](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-web)替代                                                                                                                              | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jersey/pom.xml)             |
| spring-boot-starter                    | 核心starter，包括自动配置支持，日志和YAML                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter/pom.xml)                    |
| spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase     | 用于使用基于文档的数据库Couchbase和Spring Data Couchbase                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-couchbase/pom.xml)     |
| spring-boot-starter-artemis            | 使用Apache Artemis实现JMS消息                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-artemis/pom.xml)            |
| spring-boot-starter-cloud-connectors   | 对Spring Cloud Connectors的支持，用于简化云平台下（例如Cloud Foundry 和Heroku）服务的连接                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-cloud-connectors/pom.xml)   |
| spring-boot-starter-social-linkedin    | 用于使用Spring Social LinkedIn                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-social-linkedin/pom.xml)    |
| spring-boot-starter-velocity           | 用于使用Velocity模板引擎构建MVC web应用，**从1.4版本过期**                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-velocity/pom.xml)           |
| spring-boot-starter-data-rest          | 用于使用Spring Data REST暴露基于REST的Spring Data仓库                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-rest/pom.xml)          |
| spring-boot-starter-data-gemfire       | 用于使用分布式数据存储GemFire和Spring Data GemFire                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-gemfire/pom.xml)       |
| spring-boot-starter-groovy-templates   | 用于使用Groovy模板引擎构建MVC web应用                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-groovy-templates/pom.xml)   |
| spring-boot-starter-amqp               | 用于使用Spring AMQP和Rabbit MQ                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-amqp/pom.xml)               |
| spring-boot-starter-hornetq            | 用于使用HornetQ实现JMS消息，被[spring-boot-starter-artemis](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-artemis)取代                                                                                                                                      | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-hornetq/pom.xml)            |
| spring-boot-starter-ws                 | 用于使用Spring Web服务，被[spring-boot-starter-web-services](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-web-services)取代                                                                                                                              | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-ws/pom.xml)                 |
| spring-boot-starter-security           | 对Spring Security的支持                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-security/pom.xml)           |
| spring-boot-starter-data-redis         | 用于使用Spring Data Redis和Jedis客户端操作键—值数据存储Redis                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-redis/pom.xml)         |
| spring-boot-starter-websocket          | 用于使用Spring框架的WebSocket支持构建WebSocket应用                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-websocket/pom.xml)          |
| spring-boot-starter-mustache           | 用于使用Mustache模板引擎构建MVC web应用                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-mustache/pom.xml)           |
| spring-boot-starter-data-neo4j         | 用于使用图数据库Neo4j和Spring Data Neo4j                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-neo4j/pom.xml)         |
| spring-boot-starter-data-jpa           | 用于使用Hibernate实现Spring Data JPA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-data-jpa/pom.xml)           |

除了应用程序starters，以下starters可用于添加[production ready](https://github.com/cwiki-us-spring-guides/Spring-Boot-Reference-Guide/tree/0047aa8098a650dde0c93f4d2e91754c83468c4b/V.%20Spring%20Boot%20Actuator/README.md)的功能：

**表 13.2. Spring Boot生产级starters**

| 名称                               | 描述                                                           | Pom                                                                                                                             |
| -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| spring-boot-starter-actuator     | 用于使用Spring Boot的Actuator，它提供了production ready功能来帮助你监控和管理应用程序 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-actuator/pom.xml)     |
| spring-boot-starter-remote-shell | 用于通过SSH，使用CRaSH远程shell监控，管理你的应用                              | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-remote-shell/pom.xml) |

最后，Spring Boot还包含一些用于排除或交换某些特定技术方面的starters：

**表 13.3. Spring Boot技术性starters**

| 名称                           | 描述                                                                                                                                                                     | Pom                                                                                                                         |
| ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| spring-boot-starter-undertow | 用于使用Undertow作为内嵌servlet容器，可使用[spring-boot-starter-tomcat](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-tomcat)替代  | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-undertow/pom.xml) |
| spring-boot-starter-logging  | 用于使用Logback记录日志，默认的日志starter                                                                                                                                           | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-logging/pom.xml)  |
| spring-boot-starter-tomcat   | 用于使用Tomcat作为内嵌servlet容器，[spring-boot-starter-web](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-web)使用的默认servlet容器 | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-tomcat/pom.xml)   |
| spring-boot-starter-jetty    | 用于使用Jetty作为内嵌servlet容器，可使用[spring-boot-starter-tomcat](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-tomcat)替代     | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-jetty/pom.xml)    |
| spring-boot-starter-log4j2   | 用于使用Log4j2记录日志，可使用[spring-boot-starter-logging](http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#spring-boot-starter-logging)代替           | [Pom](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/spring-boot-starter-log4j2/pom.xml)   |

**注**：查看GitHub上位于`spring-boot-starters`模块内的[README文件](http://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-starters/README.adoc)，可以获取到一个社区贡献的其他starters列表。
